The World On Body Arts - 1223 Words

The World on Body Arts Tattoos and the workforce do not get along together. Not within the topics themselves, but on the rules, that follow them. As body arts gets bigger, so does the conflict on where it belongs. There is a fine, but undefined line within body art and the work force. But it is has never been clearly stated anywhere. Both sides; such as the Debate over acceptability vs explicit free speech., always come up in the debate of the topic. There is no set law or regulations for the mass number of people within the work field, but instead changed regardless on the job that’s being applied for. With each job having their own set and different laws employees must follow, that’s leaving some people out for certain jobs if they are to quit or even get fired. Within many jobs, workers with the following things such as tattoos must cover up the art, or they will be written up, and have more actions take place if they continue to not follow the policy. Tattoos used t o be less commonly found on people then they are in today’s world. â€Å"Life magazine estimated in 1936 that only 10% of American population was tattooed† (Elzweig, Peeples, 2011). With this being said, that was a 1:10 ratio of people who had inked on arts. This is a drastic change in what they have to display as results now and is thought to be continued to be growing over the upcoming years. A 2006 study published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology of Americans aged 18 to 50 found that theShow MoreRelatedThe Human Body in the Art World1892 Words   |  8 Pageswith the human body. Plastic surgery exists to perfect the flaws people find with their bodies. Make-up exists to disguise imperfections and beautify. Exercise has become less about health and more and more about improving physical appearance. So it is safe to say that nowadays society focuses on beauty and obtaining the ideal, perfect silhouette, but people have focused on the body to the point of obsession almost since the beginning of time. This is known today because the human body has been a majorRead MoreA Student Of Art History Survey1506 Words   |  7 Pagesstudent of Art History Survey I, I need to complete a museum paper. I wondered if this paper is really a necessary assignment. I did not think of this paper as an assignment, but it as an opportunity to discover and experience great works of art which are certainly more dynamic and realistic than what I learned in the textbook. For my trip, I decided to visit the Dallas Museum of Art, one of the largest art museums in Texas. This museum is a valuable place where I can be immersed in the vast world of artRead MoreBrazilian History: Lygia Clark1042 Words   |  5 Pagesin our post-modern world. Her work is recognized today as one of the founding bodies of Brazil and is important internationally. Her artistic path holds a position in the critical movement that changed the art world in the 1960’s and 1970’s. Clark’s work has continued to define our post-modern obsession with situation. Lygia Clark’s work transcends her time and continues to become relevant in our post-modern world. Her work is recognized today as one of the founding bodies of Brazil and is importantRead MoreBody Piercings And Its Impact On Society1665 Words   |  7 Pageswomen, but by men as well all around the world including William Shakespeare and Julius Caesar. As body piercings become increasingly popular in modern culture, it has brought many researchers to the realization that this trend is a tragic insight into an individual’s psyche as well as their physical being and opportunities in the workplace even though it’s seen as a way to express one’s self. Socially and economically, body piercings, among other forms of body modifications, have not only benefitedRead MoreExpressing Identity Through Tattoos and Piercings Essay786 Words   |  4 Pagestattoos and body piercing is more than just the latest fashion craze. This type of body art has been a part of this world for thousands of years. Tattoos and piercings have served as amulets, status symbols, declarations of love, signs of religious beliefs, adornments and even forms of punishment (Smithsonian.com). In the later years (1940 – 2000) tattoos and piercings were more common among teenagers and young adults, but now, people of all ages are expressing themselves through body art. To try andRead MoreModern Art 1900-401588 Words   |  7 PagesComparison Paper Modern European Art 1900-50 By the end of World War I in 1918, artist had a remarkable change in their styles of art. Two very pronounced artists, Fernand Leger and Max Beckman, served in the war and impacted their art profusely. World War I was an era of industrialization in culture and in the economy, and as the world changed, so did European Art. Leger fascination with the past and his vital experience in the war had a profound impact on his work. While the war was undergoingRead MoreBody Art and Ornamentation Essays1569 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: BODY ART AND ORNAMENTATION Body Art and Ornamentation in Different Cultures Introduction to Cultural Anthropology ANT101 July 28, 2013 There is no culture in which people do not, or did not paint, pierce, tattoo, reshape, or simply adorn their bodies (Schildkrout, 2001). Throughout history, body art and ornamentation has become a worldwide phenomenon and has played a key role in our lives, yet there is a social stigma which we cannot seem to rid ourselves of. It is mostRead MoreEssay on Body Art543 Words   |  3 PagesBody Art For thousands of years, men and women around the world have gone to redundant lengths to change their natural appearance of their bodies in an attempt to make themselves feel more attractive, to get attention, to conform to new customs of their particular cultural group, to attract a mate or sex partner, to show of their wealth or social status, or to just make an outgoing statement about themselves. Is body art really a pop culture? Our dissatisfaction with the human body and itsRead MoreGoing Battle Of Art Vs. Sport : The Ballet World1335 Words   |  6 PagesOn-going battle of Art VS. Sport: The Ballet world Ballerinas are extremely competitive with each other and the ballet world has a hint of a barbarous culture. However, ballerinas are competitive with each other in the same way artists, musicians and actors are. Ballet itself is not a competitive sport; it is an art. In 2016, the International Olympic committee recently voted to restore wrestling to the Olympic games (Robb, Para 1). One activity that has never been brought to the committee’s attention:Read MoreHow Do Ethics Play a Role in the Pursuit of Knowledge in the Field of Arts1472 Words   |  6 Pagessense, then why are there so many ethical disputes and issues in today’s society? This topic raises various knowledge issues in the fields of arts and natural sciences such as â€Å"To what extent do ethical considerations constrain the production of knowledge in natural sciences?† and â€Å"How far do ethics play a role in the pursuit of knowledge in the field of arts?† This essay will explore these two questions in detail along with the role of the three ways of knowing (emotion, perception and reasoning)

`` Keeping Up With The World A New Worldwide Phenomenon

Auckland University of Technology Alumni Jasper, Summer and Dak more commonly referred to as The Trio have created a new worldwide phenomenon. ‘Keeping up with the World’ is a television series that combines universal messages of support for teens and young adults with catchy musical numbers. The Trio will each play equal roles in the creation of this television production where all three will be making creative and technical decisions. The Trio have already successfully secured funding through New Zealand on Air for their series. In order for their work to be broadcast nationally and possibly internationally, the Trio need to work with New Zealand based South Pacific Pictures (SPP). They chose this company due to their emphasis on local content, as well as their interests off shore should their series reach the international market. Bainbridge (2006), Gerdsen (2003), and Dinwoodie Cornish (2008) all support the notion that intellectual property is complex and vast through the combination of many rights. Intellectual property describes how a creative person’s creative work is protected. It allows the creator to control the use, and management of their creative product once it is within the market (Gerdsen, 2003). Touse (2006) acknowledges that copyright â€Å"gives the right to authors †¦ to exclude others from copying their work without permission, thus creating the intellectual property rights for literacy and artistic works† (p. 8-9). Within the New Zealand 1994Show MoreRelatedGlobalization Essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization essay Globalization is the trend towards a single, integrated, and interdependent world. Some humans may not even realize globalization plays a part in our modern lives, but examples that may be classified as evidence of this trend include: the ability to buy products from dining cuisines belonging to myriad of different ethnical cultures, a joint project in which a multinational group of astronauts are sent to the moon, the visit of a Canadian circus troupe to China, the establishmentRead MoreThe 21St Century Is Often Referred To As The Digital Age.1642 Words   |  7 Pageseach other are becoming obsolete as cyber culture takes over. For many of us the use of new technologies and social media sites have changed our way of life and has shaped how others view us on online platforms. Many view mass media and digital culture as a brilliant and successful phenomenon as it’s a product of the development of technology however to what extent is it impacting our lives and how we view the world, ourselves, and others? Letter writing is a method of communication that people haveRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv )1416 Words   |  6 Pagesis the final stage of HIV where the immune system has been totally consumed and simple cold is deathly. AIDS develops when the HIV virus has dominated the immune system. HIV/AIDS is a pandemic and affects anybody who contracts the virus. It is a worldwide problem and is still living amongst us today. 1.2 – how many people does it affect? How is it contracted? HIV first became a concern in the early 1980’s when an outbreak of an unusual amount of people in the United States of America were becomingRead MoreEssay about Cybersquatting and Typosquatting1100 Words   |  5 Pagescybersquatting, in that the typosquatter registers a domain name that similar in spelling to a trade name or registered domain that in most cases re-directs the person to a web site containing ads, spam or obscene material. While typosquatting is not a new phenomenon it is increasing in frequency . Typosquatters have attached themselves to many game sites, search engines and children’s websites such as webkinz.com. Most of these unsuspecting visitors are led to sites that unwittingly expose young childrenRead MoreGlobal Warming Is The Rise1536 Words   |  7 Pagesas carbon dioxide, water vapor, and methane, have been increasing steadily since the early 90’s, and around this time the average global temperature has also been increasing. The effec ts of global warming have been noticed worldwide, although the exact reason for the phenomenon is unknown. There are speculations that global warming could be caused by human actives, natural events, or it could even be a part of the natural climate cycle. After learning what global warming is, the effects and possibleRead MoreEffects Of Genetically Modified Foods On Health And The Environment1550 Words   |  7 PagesThe â€Å"OMG† About â€Å"GMOs† Molecular biologist Nina Fedoroff once said, â€Å"Myths about the dire effects of genetically modified foods on health and the environment abound, but they have not held up to scientific scrutiny. And, although many concerns have been expressed about the potential for unexpected consequences, the unexpected effects that have been observed so far have been benign† (â€Å"Nina Fedoroff†). With that being said, modified crops are not as bad as many people think. In fact, evidence has beenRead MoreThe Issue Of Sustainability Of The Apparel Industry Essay1421 Words   |  6 Pagesindustry in the world. Every stage, that a garment goes through, uses up and threatens our resources. Review of Literature Sustainability has become a major issue in the fashion industry. The global apparel industry has a large amount of social and environmental problems and the apparel industry is a dirty business that relies on water intensive methods and toxic chemicals within its factories. Fashion and textiles is known to be one of the most polluting industries in the world, following oilRead MoreThe Beauty Myth Phenomenon909 Words   |  4 PagesThe Man. Spoke Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, an African author, about the roles in society in 2013. The social roles between men and women were clearly distinguished in the past. However, when the American men answered the call to arms in the Second World War, it was the American women who took over their roles in society. Subsequently, after feminism arose, females were achieving higher rank at work and the beauty myth emerged in attempt to control their growing power (Wolf 21). Engulfed with televisionRead MoreIs Technology A Force Behind Globalization?1161 Words   |  5 Pagescomplex phenomenon of globalization† (Koivukoski 810). Technology is considerably a significant source of globalization. The Internet makes the world narrow and easy to access which can lead to an increase of internet users annually. In order to communicate with anyone through the internet, an individual can just immediately click a button, and even see into their world with the use of webcams. The excessive amount of information over the Internet makes the world a smaller place, with news and currentRead MoreGlobal Warming1250 Words   |  5 Pageshurricanes, wildfires and wide spread of diseases we can see that Mother Nature is trying to tell us to stop what we are doing with our economic growth. Thesis Statement: The fact of the matter is that global warming is indeed a problem that faces the world as we know it. Preview of Speech: Today I am here to tell you about the problems we face with global warming, explaining the greenhouse effect with its potential impact and what we can do to minimize global warming. BODY First Main Point:

Ap Language and Composition Synthesis free essay sample

Society teaches the morally incorrect and socially unacceptable aspects of murder. George Orwell’s â€Å"Shooting and Elephant† and Foster the People’s â€Å"Pumped up Kicks† address the contrary, the instances in which society leads one to murder. Orwell’s switch from first to second person within â€Å"He wears a mask, and his face grows to fit it† reveals the distance that the murderer puts between himself and his action creating a sense of personal distain; the same sense of detachment is evoked through Foster the People’s dreamily synthesized lyrics. The short clauses without conjunctions â€Å"In an instant, in too short a time, one would have thought, even for the bullet to get there† increases the pace just as the murderous act occurs intensifies the guilt suddenly felt. On the contrary, as the chorus begins in â€Å"Pumped up Kicks† the music picks up pace with a lighter music layered over the heavy down beat evokes a sense of relief that that the murder will bring after society drove the murderer insane. We will write a custom essay sample on Ap Language and Composition Synthesis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Both Orwell and Foster the People address varying situations in which murder must occur through their written and melodic choices. Part 2Jonathan Swift’s â€Å"A Modest Proposal† and George Orwell â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† offer a satirical view of British Imperialism. Orwell openly mocks the British control of Burma through â€Å"I was all for the Burmese and all against their oppressors, the British† which ironically reveals the disapproval of the governing body even by those that it employs. Swift’s absurd suggestion â€Å"that a young healthy child well nursed at a year old a most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome food† casts light upon the horrible treatment the Irish receive from the British while the radical suggestion parallels the extensive poverty Ireland experienced. Likewise, the thought of â€Å"shooting an elephant† develops a ridiculous idea about allowing death; the awkwardly large size of an elephant criticizes the outrageous living conditions within Burma. Orwell describes the elephant as â€Å"He took not the slightest notice of the crowd’s approach† which symbolizes the blind eye the British turned to the people of Burma. Similarly, Swift justifies babies as being good food for landlords because â€Å"they have already devoured most of the parents† relating the wealthy to cannibals because of their lack of humanity toward the poor. However, Orwell directly develops empathy toward the natives of Burma stating â€Å"It was perfectly clear what I ought to do† relating to shooting the elephant to please the people and gain acceptance. Swift’s constant sarcasm does not pity the poor, but it criticizes the British for allowing their way of life. Orwell’s narrative and Swift’s sarcastic essay critique the British government’s inability to uphold moral laws and just treatment for all people.

The Stolen Generation free essay sample

The forced removal of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children from their families was official government policy from 1909 to 1969. However the practice took place both before and after this period. Governments, churches and welfare bodies all took part. The removal policy was managed by the Aborigines Protection Board (APB). The APB was a government board established in 1909 with the power to remove children without parental consent and without a court order. Children could be put into an institution or mission dormitory, fostered or adopted. Many children were fostered or adopted after spending time in a children’s home. Under the White Australia and assimilation policies Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who were ‘not of full blood’ were encouraged to become assimilated into the broader society so that eventually there would be no more Indigenous people left. At the time Indigenous people were seen as an inferior race. Children were taken from Aboriginal parents so they could be brought up ‘white’ and taught to reject their Aboriginality. Children were placed with institutions and from the 1950s began also being placed with white families. Aboriginal children were expected to become labourers or servants, so in general the education they were provided was very poor. Aboriginal girls in particular were sent to homes established by the Board to be trained in domestic service. The lack of understanding and respect for Aboriginal people also meant that many people who supported the child removals believed that they were doing the ‘right thing’. Some people believed that Aboriginal people lived poor and unrewarding lives, and that institutions would provide a positive environment in which Aboriginal people could better themselves. The dominant racist views in the society and government also means that people believed that Aboriginal people were bad parents and that Aboriginal woman did not look after their children. No-one knows how many children were taken, as most records have been lost or destroyed. Many parents whose children were taken never saw them again, and siblings who were taken were deliberately seperated from each other. Today many Aboriginal people still do not know who their relatives are or have been unable to track them down. The generations of children who were taken from their families became known as the Stolen Generations. The practice of removing children continued up until the late 1960s meaning today there are Aboriginal people as young as their late 40s or 50s who are members of the Stolen Generations. Bringing Them Home In the 1990s the Australian Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (the Australian Human Rights Commission) started a national inquiry into the practice of removing Indigenous children. The Bringing Them Home Report on the national inquiry into the separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children was tabled in Parliament on 26 May 1997. The report outlined the devastating impact the child removal policies had on children and their families. It found that many of the institutions and homes in which the children were placed were very cruel, and sexual and physical abuse of the children was common. It found that many of the people who managed the removals, including both the government and churches, abused their power and breached their supposed obligations as protectors and ‘carers’. The report told a story of welfare boards, of segregation, of so-called ‘assimilation’ policies which did not work. The report also told stories of mothers fleeing into the bush with their babies, of the virtual slavery of the young girls who were sent out to rural properties to work as maids and of nannies of the children being treated like cattle. One woman reported: â€Å"We was bought like a market. We was all lined up in white dresses and they would come round and pick you out like you was for sale†. The report found that the practice of forced removal was highly traumatic not only for the children but also for their families. The policy broke important cultural, spiritual and family ties which crippled not only individuals, but whole families and even whole communities. The report found that members of the Stolen Generations suffered higher rates of sexual abuse, maltreatment, dislocation of family life, poverty and hardship than other Aboriginal people. The report also found that the policy of forced removal was based on racist assumptions about the benefits that would flow from such policies. The aim of the policy was to ‘breed out’ the Aboriginal race. In international law practices designed to destroy an entire race of people are known as genocide, and are forbidden under the 1948 Convention of Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. While many records have been lost, it has been estimated that between 1 in 10 and 3 in 10 Aboriginal children were forcibly removed between 1910 and 1970. Continued Impact There have been many studies which show the damage caused by the forced removal on Indigenous communities. While some Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children were removed from their families on genuine welfare grounds, and some gained access to some advantages (such as increased educational opportunities), the great majority of Indigenous children who were removed suffered life-long negative consequences. For example, people who were members of the Stolen Generations are more likely to suffer from depression, have worse health and a shorter life span than other Indigenous people, and are more likely to be imprisoned than other Indigenous people. For example 50% of deaths investigated by the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody were of Indigenous people who have been removed from their families as children. Many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who were placed with white families did not find out about their background until late in life. Disconnection from land and language meant loss of culture for many. One of the people interviewed for the Bringing Them Home Report said: â€Å"A lot of people say that they don’t know what exactly they are, whether they’re white or they’re black. Where exactly they belong. † The impact of the Stolen Generations has also passed on to the families, who suffered the loss of the children, and to the next generation whose parents were part of the Stolen Generations. For more information about the impact of the Stolen Generations policies see the Human Rights Commission resources available from www. humanrights. gov. au/ (follow the links to the ‘Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander Social Justice’ section and the ‘Bringing Them Home Report’ page. This includes useful information for schools and teachers). National Apology While many Aboriginal groups feel they can never be adequately compensated for the loss of their families, since the Bringing Them Home Report was released there has been a strong campaign for an official apology by the Australian Government. One of the key recommendations of Bringing Them Home Report was an official apology from the government, as well as financial compensation for the suffered caused by the government. In 1997 when the report was first released the former Prime Minister John Howard refused to make an official apology. He argued that the current generation should not be responsible for the mistakes of the past. Critics pointed out that the Prime Minister had been a Member of Parliament in the 1960s – when forced removal was still government policy. Aboriginal rights activists also argued that it was important to recognise the truth of Australia’s history if we are to deal with it and move forward in reconciliation. Instead of an apology the Prime Minister passed a ‘Statement of Regret and Motion of Reconciliation’ in Parliament. In 2007 a new Labor Government was elected, and promised to finally make an official apology to the Stolen Generations. At the first session of the new Federal Parliament, on 13 February 2008, the new Prime Minister Kevin Rudd issued an official apology to the Stolen Generations on behalf of the Australian Government. Members of the Stolen Generation were invited onto the floor of Parliament and to watch the apology from the gallery. The apology was welcomed by the majority of the Australians and celebrations were held across the country. For a copy of what the former Prime Minister Rudd said visit the Parliament website at www. aph. gov. au and look up ‘Hansard’ (Hansard is the recording of all the things said in Parliament) for the 13 February 2008. Although the Australian Government took some time to apologise, at the State level governments responded more positively to the Bringing Them Home Report. In 1997 and following years all state and territory leaders apologised for the role that State Governments had played. Many church leaders have also apologised, and have started programs to raise awareness amongst their members about the Stolen Generations. As part of the grassroots campaign calling for a national apology, the 26 May 1998 became the first national Sorry Day. Sorry Day was marked by ceremonies, rallies and meetings. Across the country millions of people signed Sorry Books. Ten years later Sorry Day continues to be recognised each year on 26 May. More recently Sorry Day has become known to some as Journey of Healing Day. Although the Australian Government has now apologised, some sections of the community and the media still strongly opposed the apology, arguing that the people who took the children thought they were doing the ‘right thing’, that children were taken for their own good, that the government should not be responsible for the past, and that the apology would lead to a flood of compensation claims.

5 Tips About Writing with Rhythm

5 Tips About Writing with Rhythm 5 Tips About Writing with Rhythm 5 Tips About Writing with Rhythm By Mark Nichol Think of all the things you do each day, including mundane tasks like getting dressed, cooking meals, and speaking to other people. They all involve patterns or random sequences of ebb and flow: rhythm. Writing is like that, too. Just as with any other activity, rhythm in writing can occur automatically, but it’s improved by conscious attention. Here are five tips for enhancing your writing by attending to rhythm. 1. Alternate Sentence Length Vary the word count for your sentences not mathematically, not analytically, but naturally, organically. Introduce a comical character with a statement that resembles a clumsy person stumbling down a stairway then bring the headlong descent to a sudden stop with a concise comment. Describe a tortuous bureaucratic procedure with a run-on-and-on sentence, and then figuratively snap your fingers at it with a brusque reaction. For inspiration, listen to a musical composition, noting the variety of measures. Do the same with recordings of speeches or comedy routines, and with scenes from films or television programs (fact and fiction alike) and, of course, with fiction and nonfiction writing. 2. Relocate Words and Phrases English is a flexible language. Exploit that fact. Though parts of speech have set interrelationships, the relative positions of words representing the categories are negotiable. Shift words and phrases around until the parts of a sentence seem to fall into their preordained places. How? Read your writing aloud, of course. Note, too, that writers are inclined to introduce the most important element of a sentence at the beginning; the key component should be provided early on, right? Wrong. Where does the punchline go in a joke? Correction: When you tell a joke, where’s the punchline? (Doesn’t that revision read more smoothly?) 3. Embrace Sentence Fragments The law against incomplete sentences was repealed a long time ago. A very long time ago. As a matter of fact, there never was such a regulation, except in the hidebound handbooks of grim grammarians. No kidding. People speak in sentence fragments and incomplete sentences all the time, and although writing, except for the most informal prose, should reflect a more carefully constructed communication, in all but the most formal writing, judiciously employ truncated statements. Over and out. 4. Match Rhythm to Mood Let the length and rhythm of a sentence match the mood you wish to impart. A description of a beautiful landscape or an account of a rapturous experience should cascade like a rippling waterfall or undulate with the peaks of valleys of sensual imagery. Longer sentences punctuated with alliteration and assonance and laced with metaphors evoking physical sensations will help readers immerse themselves in the places and events you describe. Conversely, the sentence structure describing a sequence of events in a thriller or a passage detailing an exciting incident is probably most effective in brief bursts of short, simple words. 5. Apply Tension and Release Many musical compositions are paced on the principle of building up to peaks of stress or emotion and a counterpointing relief from that ascent. Writing benefits from the same approach to carrying the reader along on waves of tension and release. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Exquisite AdjectivesGrammar Quiz #21: Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clauses20 Classic Novels You Can Read in One Sitting

Battle of Saylers Creek in the Civil War

Battle of Saylers Creek in the Civil War Battle of Saylers Creek: Conflict Date: The Battle of Saylers Creek (Sailors Creek) was fought April 6, 1865, during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Armies Commanders Union Major General Philip H. Sheridanapprox. 16,000 men Confederate Lieutenant General Richard EwellLieutenant General Richard Andersonapprox. 11,500 Battle of Saylers Creek - Background: In the wake of the Confederate defeat at Five Forks on April 1, 1865, General Robert E. Lee was driven out of Petersburg by Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant. Also forced to abandon Richmond, Lees army began retreating west with the ultimate goal of re-supplying and moving south into North Carolina to join with General Joseph Johnston. Marching through the night of April 2/3 in several columns, the Confederates intended to rendezvous at Amelia Court House where supplies and rations were expected. As Grant was forced to pause to occupy Petersburg and Richmond, Lee was able to put some space between the armies. Arriving at Amelia on April 4, Lee found trains loaded with munitions but none with food. Forced to pause, Lee sent out forage parties, asked the local populace for aid, and ordered food sent east from Danville along the railroad. Having secured Richmond and Petersburg, Grant tasked Major General Philip Sheridan with leading the pursuit of Lee. Moving west, Sheridans Cavalry Corps and attached infantry fought several rearguard actions with the Confederates and rode ahead in an effort to cut the railroad in front of Lee. Learning that Lee was concentrating at Amelia, he began moving his men towards the town. Having lost his lead on Grants men and believing his delay to be fatal, Lee departed Amelia on April 5 despite securing little food for his men. Retreating west along the railroad towards Jetersville, he soon found that Sheridans men had arrived there first. Stunned as this development precluded a direct march to North Carolina, Lee elected not to attack due to the late hour and instead conducted a night march to the north around the Union left with the goal of reaching Farmville where he believed supplies to be waiting. This movement was spotted around dawn and Union troops resumed their pursuit (Map). Battle of Saylers Creek - Setting the Stage: Pushing west, the Confederate column was led by Lieutenant General James Longstreets combined First and Third Corps, followed by Lieutenant General Richard Andersons small corps, and then Lieutenant General Richard Ewells Reserve Corps which possessed the armys wagon train. Major General John B. Gordons Second Corps acted as the rear guard. Harassed by Sheridans troopers, they were also closely followed by Major General Andrew Humphreys II Corps and Major General Horatio Wrights VI Corps. As the day progressed a gap opened between Longstreet and Anderson which was exploited by the Union cavalry. Correctly guessing that future attacks were likely, Ewell sent the wagon train along a more northern route west. It was followed by Gordon who was under pressure from Humphreys approaching troops. Crossing Little Saylers Creek, Ewell assumed a defensive position along a ridge west of the creek. Blocked by Sheridans cavalry, which was approaching from the south, Anderson was forced to deploy southwest of Ewell. In a dangerous position, the two Confederate commands were nearly back-to-back. Building up strength opposite Ewell, Sheridan and Wright opened fire with 20 guns around 5:15 PM. Battle of Saylers Creek - The Cavalry Strikes: Lacking guns of his own, Ewell was forced to endure this bombardment until Wrights troops started advancing around 6:00 PM. During this time, Major General Wesley Merritt began a series of probing attacks against Andersons position. After several small-scale advances were turned back, Sheridan and Merritt increased the pressure. Advancing with three cavalry divisions armed with Spencer carbines, Merritts men succeeded in engaging Andersons line in close combat and overwhelming his left flank. As Andersons left disintegrated, his line collapsed and his men fled the field. Battle of Saylers Creek - The Hillsman Farm: Unaware that his line of retreat was being cut by Merritt, Ewell prepared to engage Wrights advancing VI Corps. Moving forward from their position near the Hillsman Farm, the Union infantry struggled across rain-swollen Little Saylers Creek before reforming and attacking. In the course of the advance, the Union center outdistanced the units on its flanks and took the brunt of the Confederate fire. Wavering, it was driven back by a small Confederate force led by Major Robert Stiles. This pursuit was halted by the Union artillery (Map). Battle of Saylers Creek - Lockett Farm: Reforming, VI Corps again advanced and succeeded in overlapping the flanks of Ewells line. In bitter fighting, Wrights troops succeeded in collapsing Ewells line capturing around 3,400 men and routing the rest. Among the prisoners were six Confederate generals including Ewell. As Union troops were achieving victory near the Hillman Farm, Humphreys II Corps closed on Gordon and the Confederate wagon train a few miles north near the Lockett Farm. Assuming a position along the eastern rim of a small valley, Gordon sought cover the wagons as they crossed the Double Bridges over Saylers Creek at the valley floor. Unable to handle the heavy traffic, the bridges caused a bottleneck leading to the wagons stacking up in the valley. Arriving on the scene, Major General Andrew A.  Humphreys II Corps deployed and began attacking around dusk. Steadily driving Gordons men back, the Union infantry took the ridge and the fighting continued among the wagons. Under heavy pressure and with Union troops working around his left flank, Gordon retreated to the west side of the valley having lost around 1,700 captured and 200 wagons. As dark descended, the fighting petered out and Gordon began retreating west towards High Bridge (Map). Battle of Saylers Creek - Aftermath: While Union casualties for the Battle of Saylers Creek numbered around 1,150, the Confederate forces engaged lost around 7,700 killed, wounded, and captured. Effectively the death knell of the Army of Northern Virginia, Confederate losses at Saylers Creek represented approximately a quarter of Lees remaining strength. Riding out from Rices Depot, Lee saw the survivors of Ewells and Andersons corps streaming west and exclaimed, My God, has the army dissolved? Consolidating his men at Farmville early on April 7, Lee was able to partially re-provision his men before being forced out by early afternoon. Pushed west and eventually cornered at Appomattox Court House, Lee surrendered his army on April 9.

Common Sense Notions of Political Action and Power Essay

Common Sense Notions of Political Action and Power - Essay Example g whether it be on certain issues or the election of a representative, starting a petition on a certain issue, sending a message through social media, or participating in a committee. Therefore, taking these definitions and examples into account it would be safe for us to assume that there are two groups of people involved in the political action process. The first group is the one that is seeking to send out a message and the second group is the one who will receive the message. In fact, according to Micheal Kaulbars (2009), a trained research biologist who is very active on environmental and social justice issues, the standard model of political struggle includes two groups; the activists and the target. In this model he describes the activists as the group of people who use protests, petitions, hunger strikes, and other forms of campaigning techniques to directly influence their target’s behavior. The target in response to these actions creates counter groups and media camp aigns to influence the activist’s behavior. Kaulbars (2009) criticizes this model of political action as being ‘too’ simplified. In fact, this standard model is a perfect description of the â€Å"common sense† notions surrounding political action. According to him, this model is unsuccessful at explaining political action because the activists described rarely have enough power to make a difference. Hence, now that we know a little more about political action we must analyze what part it may play in the running of an organization? In fact in order to understand an organization we must look at it as a political system (Management Consulting Courses, n.d). To elaborate on this further we must redefine politics in relation to an organization. In an organization, politics are a means to recognize and reconcile conflicting interests between individuals. This makes sense as organizations; especially large ones are made up of a number of very diverse individuals which will no doubt translate into diversity in interests and agendas. Hence, it is safe to say that organizations create an environment that is perfect for political action. In fact, according to Ammeter et al., (2002), there are three basic levels of political action in organizations; individual, coalition and network. At the individual level leaders try to influence individuals in the organization through one-on-one relationships. Furthermore, at the coalition level, coalitions are formed by leaders through convincing peers, subordinates and other members in the organization to join a force in order to pursue common interests. Lastly, in the network level, individuals and groups are tied together into an interconnected system. Therefore, we may look at the networking level as a result of the individual and the coalition level. First individuals are influenced which leads to the formation of groups eventually leading to the formation of a network. To elaborate further on political action